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Fyodor Dostoyevsky

Fyodor Dostoyevsky

Fyodor Dostoyevsky Biography

Fyodor Dostoyevsky (1821-1881) was a renowned Russian novelist, short story writer, and essayist. His profound psychological insight and exploration of human nature have made works like “Crime and Punishment” and “The Brothers Karamazov” literary classics.

Biography

Fyodor Dostoyevsky Information Table
Attribute Details
Full Name Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky
Birth Date 11 November 1821
Death Date 9 February 1881
Nationality Russian
Occupations Novelist, Short Story Writer, Essayist, Journalist
Major Works
  • Crime and Punishment (1866)
  • The Idiot (1869)
  • Demons (1872)
  • The Brothers Karamazov (1880)
  • Notes from Underground (1864)
Genres Fiction, Philosophical Literature, Psychological Fiction
Themes Human Condition, Political, Social and Spiritual Atmospheres of 19th-century Russia, Philosophical and Religious Themes
Early Life

Born in Moscow in 1821. Introduced to literature at an early age through fairy tales and legends, and books by Russian and foreign authors. His mother died in 1837 when he was 15. Left school to enter the Nikolayev Military Engineering Institute.

Career Beginnings

Graduated as an engineer. Wrote his first novel, Poor Folk, in the mid-1840s, which gained him entry into Saint Petersburg’s literary circles.

Imprisonment

Arrested in 1849 for belonging to the Petrashevsky Circle. Sentenced to death but commuted at the last moment. Spent four years in a Siberian prison camp, followed by six years of compulsory military service in exile.

Later Life

Worked as a journalist, publishing and editing several magazines. Developed a gambling addiction which led to financial hardship. Eventually became one of the most widely read Russian writers.

Influence

Influenced numerous writers, philosophers, and the emergence of Existentialism and Freudianism. His works have been translated into more than 170 languages and inspired many films.

Body of Work

Thirteen novels, three novellas, seventeen short stories, and numerous other works.

Early Life

Fyodor Dostoyevsky’s Early Life

Fyodor Dostoyevsky, born on November 11, 1821, in Moscow, Russia, was one of the most influential novelists of the 19th century. He was raised in a devoutly religious family, the second of seven children. Dostoyevsky’s father, Mikhail Andreevich Dostoyevsky, was a doctor, and his mother, Maria Fyodorovna, came from a merchant family. The family lived in a small apartment in the Mariinsky Hospital for the Poor, where his father worked. In 1837, following the death of his mother from tuberculosis, Fyodor and his brother Mikhail were sent to St. Petersburg to attend a military engineering institute. This move marked the beginning of a tumultuous period in Dostoyevsky’s life, filled with personal struggles and profound literary achievements.

Family

Fyodor Dostoyevsky’s Family
Relation Name Information
Father Mikhail Andreevich Dostoyevsky Mikhail was a physician and a stern, authoritarian figure. He worked at the Mariinsky Hospital for the Poor in Moscow and later acquired a small estate in the countryside.
Mother Maria Fyodorovna Dostoyevskaya Maria was a kind and gentle woman who had a significant influence on Fyodor’s early education and love for literature. She passed away when Fyodor was 15 years old.
Brother Mikhail Dostoyevsky Mikhail was Fyodor’s older brother and very close to him. They shared a deep bond and collaborated on several literary projects. Mikhail was also an author and publisher.
Sister Varvara Dostoyevskaya Varvara was one of Fyodor’s sisters. Not much is widely known about her, but she was part of the Dostoyevsky family dynamic that influenced Fyodor’s life and work.
Sister Lyubov Dostoyevskaya Lyubov was another of Fyodor’s sisters. Details about her life are not extensively documented, but she, like Varvara, was part of the family environment.

Height, Weight, And Other Body Measurements

Fyodor Dostoyevsky – Body Measurements
Attribute Measurement
Height Unknown
Weight Unknown
Eye Color Blue
Hair Color Brown
Build Slender

Wife/husband / Girlfriend/boyfriend

Fyodor Dostoyevsky’s Relationships

Fyodor Dostoyevsky was married to Anna Grigoryevna Snitkina. They were married on February 15, 1867. Anna was a stenographer who worked with Dostoyevsky on his novel “The Gambler.” She played a crucial role in his life, helping him manage his finances and supporting him through his struggles with epilepsy and gambling addiction. They had four children together, although only two survived into adulthood.

Name Relationship Type Details
Maria Dmitrievna Isaeva Wife Fyodor Dostoyevsky married Maria Dmitrievna Isaeva on February 6, 1857. She was a widow with a son from her first marriage. Their marriage was troubled due to Maria’s illness and Dostoyevsky’s financial difficulties. Maria died in 1864.
Polina Suslova Girlfriend Polina Suslova was a writer and a significant figure in Dostoyevsky’s life. Their relationship was intense and tumultuous, and she served as an inspiration for several of his female characters. Their affair ended around 1865.

Fyodor Dostoyevsky had two wives and a notable romantic relationship. His first wife, Maria Dmitrievna Isaeva, had a significant impact on his early life but their marriage was fraught with difficulties. After her death, Dostoyevsky had a passionate but unstable affair with Polina Suslova. His second wife, Anna Grigoryevna Snitkina, proved to be a stabilizing and supportive partner, contributing greatly to his personal and professional life.

Career, Achievements And Controversies

Fyodor Dostoyevsky – Career, Achievements, and Controversies

Fyodor Dostoyevsky became famous through his profound and influential literary works that delved into the human psyche, morality, and existentialism. His novels often explored the depths of human suffering and the complexities of the human condition, making him one of the most important literary figures in Russian and world literature.

Dostoyevsky’s literary career began with the publication of his first novel, Poor Folk (1846), which garnered critical acclaim and established him as a promising new voice in Russian literature.

  • Poor Folk (1846)
  • Notes from Underground (1864)
  • Crime and Punishment (1866)
  • The Idiot (1869)
  • Demons (1872)
  • The Brothers Karamazov (1880)

During Dostoyevsky’s lifetime, formal literary awards were not as prevalent as they are today. However, his works have received extensive posthumous recognition and continue to be celebrated worldwide.

  • Political Involvement: Dostoyevsky was arrested in 1849 for his involvement with the Petrashevsky Circle, a group of intellectuals discussing radical ideas. He was sentenced to death but later reprieved and sent to a Siberian labor camp.
  • Gambling Addiction: Dostoyevsky struggled with a severe gambling addiction, which often left him in financial ruin and influenced some of his literary work, notably The Gambler (1867).
  • Personal Life: His tumultuous personal life, including two marriages and numerous affairs, was often the subject of public scrutiny.
  • Anti-Semitism: Some of Dostoyevsky’s writings have been criticized for containing anti-Semitic sentiments, which have sparked significant debate and controversy.

Faq

Fyodor Dostoyevsky FAQs
Q: Who was Fyodor Dostoyevsky?
A: Fyodor Dostoyevsky was a renowned Russian novelist, short story writer, essayist, and journalist. He is best known for his novels “Crime and Punishment,” “The Brothers Karamazov,” and “The Idiot,” which explore complex themes of psychology, morality, and human existence.
Q: When was Fyodor Dostoyevsky born?
A: Fyodor Dostoyevsky was born on November 11, 1821, in Moscow, Russia.
Q: What are some of Fyodor Dostoyevsky’s most famous works?
Q: What themes are commonly found in Dostoyevsky’s writings?
A: Dostoyevsky’s writings often explore themes such as human suffering, existentialism, morality, faith, free will, and the psychological depth of characters. His works frequently delve into the human psyche and the complexities of ethical and philosophical issues.
Q: How did Fyodor Dostoyevsky’s life experiences influence his writing?
A: Dostoyevsky’s life experiences had a profound impact on his writing. He faced financial difficulties, suffered from epilepsy, and was sentenced to a Siberian labor camp, which exposed him to the harsh realities of life. These experiences deeply influenced his exploration of human suffering, redemption, and the human condition in his literature.
Q: When did Fyodor Dostoyevsky die?
A: Fyodor Dostoyevsky died on February 9, 1881, in St. Petersburg, Russia, at the age of 59.
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